MOTS-C

MOTS-c is a mitochondrial-derived peptide encoded within the 12S rRNA gene. Unlike most peptides encoded in the nucleus, MOTS-c is translated from the mitochondrial genome and acts as a hormone to regulate metabolic homeostasis.

Molecular Properties

Research History

Discovered in 2015 by researchers at the University of Southern California, MOTS-c was identified as a key signaling molecule. Early studies highlighted its role in restoring insulin sensitivity and preventing diet-induced obesity in mice.

Studied Mechanisms

MOTS-c targets the folate cycle and the de novo purine synthesis pathway, inhibiting the accumulation of AICAR. This leads to the activation of AMPK, thereby enhancing metabolic flexibility and insulin sensitivity.